Torticollis - dystonia

Dystonia describes a movement disorder that leads to involuntary tensioning of individual muscles or muscle groups. This causes contractions and malpositions, and related limitations of the voluntary movements of the affected body region. Spasmodic torticollis and blepharospasm are frequent examples of dystonia. Dystonic movement disorders can very effectively be treated with injections of botulinum toxin into the affected muscles (please also see botulinum toxin treatment). Generalized dystonia can also be treated with deep brain stimulation.